Local Anesthesia
Local Anesthetic Drug Lidocaine Hydrochloride Powder CAS 73-78-9
What is lidocaine?
Lidocaine acts as a local anesthetic by reversibly blocking sodium channels and blocking the transmission of action potentials along nerve fibers. Sensory fibers are blocked earlier than motor fibers, so low doses of lidocaine can act as a selective sensory block. Lidocaine also has antiarrhythmic effects, belonging to class I and b antiarrhythmic drugs.
Function
Lidocaine is suitable for acute ventricular arrhythmias, including premature ventricular beats, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation, caused by acute myocardial infarction, surgery, digitalism, and cardiac catheterization. Secondly, it is also used for epileptic status.
Application
Lidocaine is the first-line agent for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias caused by acute and severe hemodynamic abnormalities. It is also effective for some supraventricular arrhythmias, such as bypass mediated supraventricular tachycardia, and acute episodes or parasympathetic mediated cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. It is widely used for surface anesthesia of mucous membranes (e.g. before endotracheal intubation). EMLA cream is used to anesthetize the skin surface before intravenous catheterization. To ensure the anesthetic effect, apply it to the skin for 45 to 60 minutes, and wrap it with an airtight dressing to promote absorption. EMLA is very useful for ear vein catheterization in rabbits and for intravenous catheterization in young dogs and cats.
Tips: hcl soluble in water, base insoluble in water. (Some Base dissolves in hot water!)
Local anesthesia strength: the anesthesia effect of some base is stronger than hcl)
Tetracaine>Lidocaine>Benzocaine>Procaine
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